Chess Puzzles
Reasoning · questions rotate
Tactical chess positions with one correct continuation.
How far to trust it
A narrow skill, and not one most buyers need. It is in the composite because it discriminates well, not because it is representative.
Measured
Models scored
99
Spread between models
19.8
standard deviation, points
Measurement noise
4.4
published stderr
Weight
0.95
share of spread that is signal
The weight is (spread² − noise²) / spread². It is computed, never chosen. Most of this benchmark's spread is real, so it still separates models.
Every model scored
the median across configurations, so one heroic run cannot lead
| Rank | Model | Lab | Score |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | GPT-6 Astra | OpenAI | 76.0 |
| 2 | GPT-6 Astra | OpenAI | 74.0 |
| 3 | GPT-5.6 Sol | OpenAI | 68.0 |
| 4 | GPT-6.1 Sol | OpenAI | 68.0 |
| 5 | Claude Opus 5.5 | Anthropic | 67.0 |
| 6 | Gemini 3.7 Flash | 66.0 | |
| 7 | GPT-5.5 Pro | OpenAI | 62.0 |
| 8 | GPT-5.2 Pro | OpenAI | 60.0 |
| 9 | Claude Sonnet 5.5 | Anthropic | 59.0 |
| 10 | Gemini 4 Argon | 59.0 | |
| 11 | GPT-5.4 Pro | OpenAI | 59.0 |
| 12 | Gemini 3.8 Flash | 58.0 | |
| 13 | GPT-6 Sol | OpenAI | 56.0 |
| 14 | Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview | 51.0 | |
| 15 | Claude Fable 5.1 | Anthropic | 48.0 |
| 16 | DeepSeek V4.1 Flash | DeepSeek | 48.0 |
| 17 | GPT-5 Pro | OpenAI | 48.0 |
| 18 | GPT-5.5 | OpenAI | 46.5 |
| 19 | DeepSeek V4 Pro 0813 | DeepSeek | 46.0 |
| 20 | Qwen3.8 Max | Alibaba | 46.0 |
| 21 | Claude Fable 5 | Anthropic | 45.0 |
| 22 | GPT-5.6 Sol | OpenAI | 45.0 |
| 23 | Gemini 3.5 Flash | 42.0 | |
| 24 | Grok 4.7 | xAI | 41.0 |
| 25 | Claude Opus 4.8 | Anthropic | 40.5 |
| 26 | GPT 5.2 | OpenAI | 40.5 |
| 27 | Gemini 3.6 Flash | 40.0 | |
| 28 | Claude Haiku 5.5 | Anthropic | 39.5 |
| 29 | Claude Sonnet 5 | Anthropic | 39.5 |
| 30 | GPT-5.4 | OpenAI | 39.5 |
| 31 | Gemini 3 Flash Preview | 39.0 | |
| 32 | GLM-5.3 | Zhipu | 37.0 |
| 33 | GPT-5.6 Terra | OpenAI | 37.0 |
| 34 | Qwen3.8 Max (0902) | Alibaba | 37.0 |
| 35 | o3 | OpenAI | 36.3 |
| 36 | Claude Opus 4.7 | Anthropic | 36.0 |
| 37 | GPT-5.4 nano | OpenAI | 36.0 |
| 38 | GPT-6 Luna | OpenAI | 36.0 |
| 39 | Kimi K3 | Kimi | 36.0 |
| 40 | Muse Spark 1.3 | Meta | 35.5 |
| 41 | Claude Opus 5 | Anthropic | 35.0 |
| 42 | Grok 4.5 | xAI | 35.0 |
| 43 | Muse Spark 1.1 | Meta | 34.0 |
| 44 | Grok 4.6 | xAI | 33.0 |
| 45 | Mistral Large 4 | Mistral | 33.0 |
| 46 | DeepSeek V4 Flash 0731 | DeepSeek | 32.0 |
| 47 | GPT 5.1 | OpenAI | 32.0 |
| 48 | GPT-5.6 Luna | OpenAI | 30.0 |
| 49 | GPT 5 | OpenAI | 29.0 |
| 50 | Grok 4.20 | xAI | 29.0 |
| 51 | Muse Spark 1.2 | Meta | 27.0 |
| 52 | Qwen3.7-Max | Alibaba | 26.0 |
| 53 | Claude Opus 4.6 | Anthropic | 21.0 |
| 54 | GLM-4.7 | Zhipu | 21.0 |
| 55 | GLM-5.3-Flash | Zhipu | 21.0 |
| 56 | Inkling | Thinking Machines | 21.0 |
| 57 | GLM-5.1 | Zhipu | 20.0 |
| 58 | GLM-5.2 | Zhipu | 20.0 |
| 59 | GPT-5.4 mini | OpenAI | 20.0 |
| 60 | Kimi K2.6 | Kimi | 20.0 |
| 61 | Claude Opus 4.8 | Anthropic | 19.0 |
| 62 | Claude Sonnet 4.6 | Anthropic | 19.0 |
| 63 | GLM-5.2 | Zhipu | 19.0 |
| 64 | Grok 4.3 Beta | xAI | 18.0 |
| 65 | DeepSeek v4 | DeepSeek | 17.0 |
| 66 | o4-mini | OpenAI | 16.7 |
| 67 | Gemini 3.5 Flash-Lite | 16.0 | |
| 68 | GPT 5 mini | OpenAI | 16.0 |
| 69 | GPT 5 nano | OpenAI | 15.2 |
| 70 | Kimi K2.7 Code | Kimi | 14.0 |
| 71 | Qwen3.5 Flash | Alibaba | 14.0 |
| 72 | Qwen3.6 Plus | Alibaba | 14.0 |
| 73 | MiniMax M3 | MiniMax | 13.0 |
| 74 | Qwen3.6 Flash | Alibaba | 12.0 |
| 75 | O3 Mini | OpenAI | 10.7 |
| 76 | Claude Sonnet 4.5 | Anthropic | 10.0 |
| 77 | Claude Opus 4.5 | Anthropic | 9.5 |
| 78 | GPT-5.5 | OpenAI | 9.0 |
| 79 | o1-2024-12-17 | OpenAI | 9.0 |
| 80 | Qwen3.5 Plus | Alibaba | 8.0 |
| 81 | GPT-5.6 Sol | OpenAI | 7.0 |
| 82 | MiniMax M3 | MiniMax | 7.0 |
| 83 | Claude Haiku 4.5 | Anthropic | 6.0 |
| 84 | Claude Sonnet 4.5 | Anthropic | 6.0 |
| 85 | GPT 4o | OpenAI | 6.0 |
| 86 | Claude Opus 4.5 | Anthropic | 5.0 |
| 87 | GPT-5.6 Terra | OpenAI | 5.0 |
| 88 | DeepSeek v4 | DeepSeek | 4.0 |
| 89 | GPT-5.1 | OpenAI | 4.0 |
| 90 | Claude 3 Opus | Anthropic | 3.0 |
| 91 | GPT 4.1 | OpenAI | 3.0 |
| 92 | GPT-4o mini | OpenAI | 3.0 |
| 93 | GPT-5.4 | OpenAI | 3.0 |
| 94 | GPT-5.6 Luna | OpenAI | 3.0 |
| 95 | GPT-5.2 | OpenAI | 2.0 |
| 96 | GPT-5.4 mini | OpenAI | 2.0 |
| 97 | GPT-5.4 nano | OpenAI | 2.0 |
| 98 | GPT 4.1 mini | OpenAI | 1.0 |
| 99 | GPT-4.1 nano | OpenAI | 0.0 |